最新刊期
      卷 40 ， 期 8 ， 2017

        NUCLEAR PHYSICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

      • Jingyu ZHANG,Yadong MA,Yixue CHEN,Qiang GAO
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080502(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080502
        摘要：BackgroundThe material suffering from strong neutron irradiation in the nuclear reactor will be activated to be radioactive nuclides. These nuclides and their decay products contribute a significant part to the occupational radiation exposure (ORE) of personnel. PurposeFor better radiation protection of the workers in nuclear reactor, it is supposed to calculate the inventory of radioactive nuclides accurately. MethodsCompared with other methods for solving the equilibrium equations of nuclides, the Chebyshev rational approximation method (CRAM) has comprehensive advantages on computational accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, the theory of CRAM method is described firstly, and then some typical cases are tested to verify CRAM method. Results & ConclusionCompared with the analytical solution, CRAM method shows good effect on activation and decay calculation of nuclides under neutron irradiation, but may cause obvious error on long-term decay calculation of nuclides. After coupling with technique of scaling and squaring, CRAM method can derive accurate results for long-term decay calculation of nuclides and its scope of application is extended.  
        关键词：CRAM;Radioactive nuclides;Inventory calculation;Scaling and squaring   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Guangxi WANG,Yan HU,Qiong LUO,Rongzhi CAI,Dan LI,Cheng CHEN,Juan ZHAI
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080501(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080501
        摘要：BackgroundMineral elements play an important role in the human body and mainly derive from food. The rice is staple food of most people in our country. Therefore, it is important to determine accurately the content of mineral elements in rice. PurposeThis study aims to establish an accurate analysis method for the rice measurement and distinguish the rice from different places. MethodsWavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry was applied to the measurement of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, P, S, K, Ca 9 elements in rice (produced in Hubei, Sichuan and Heilongjiang) with pressed powder pellets. Principal component and cluster analysis analyzed determination results. The measuring conditions of target elements were investigated. The matrix effect was corrected by empirical coefficient method and scattered radiation as internal standard and working curve was established with national biological standard reference materials. ResultsThe detection limit of this method was low, and its precision and accuracy were high. There were diverse contents of target elements from different places. Four principal components could account for 89.3% of total variance. 30 samples could be divided to three regions which came from three different places. Cluster analysis showed the samples could be clustered into three groups at the threshold of 9 levels. The results were consistent with the result of principal component analysis. ConclusionThis method can accurately determine the content of mineral elements in rice and the mineral elements can be used as a traceability of producing area.  
        关键词：WDXRF spectrometry;Rice;Mineral elements;Matrix effect;Principal component analysis;Cluster analysis   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19

        SYNCHROTRON RADIATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS

      • Mingjun DENG,Yong WANG,Chaofan XUE,Renzhong TAI
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080103(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080103
        摘要：BackgroundTo achieve three-dimensional (3D) imaging of general specimen on free electron laser, a device called double-beam 3D imaging device based on single shot free electron laser (FEL) pulse is being built, which will be used on Shanghai soft X-ray FEL. Visible light is planned to adopt on this imaging device for achieving offline space and time alignment. PurposeThis study aims to achieve offline space and time alignment and build an offline alignment system for 3D imaging device based on double-beam white light interference. MethodsBeam splitter prism, charge coupled device and other facilities were used to build this offline alignment system. Based on the wave optics theory, theoretical simulation and verification were performed by MATLAB programming. ResultsSpace and time alignment was achieved in the double-beam white light interference system. Regulation precision of time alignment was 48.1 fs. ConclusionAfter simple improvement, the double-beam white light interference system can be used on 3D imaging device as an offline alignment system in the future.  
        关键词：FEL;Double-beam;White light interference   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Jian WANG,Yiyong LIU,Shuhua WANG,Ming LI,Li WANG
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080104(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080104
        摘要：BackgroundThe magnetic performance of the cryogenic permanent magnet undulator (CPMU), whose magnets work at the temperature of 50-150 K, can be enhanced by 30%-50% compared with that of the conventional in-vacuum undulator (IVU). As the magnetic characteristics of both the remanence and the intrinsic coercivity of NdFeB and PrFeB increase substantially with the decreasing of working temperature, the CPMU can gain higher peak field within shorter magnetic period under a given magnetic gap, which is of great significance to improve the brightness of the synchrotron radiation light source. PurposeThis study aims to investigate the sources of the static heat loads of the CPMU and develop methods of evaluating and testing the heat loads. MethodsThe thermal conduction and the thermal radiation of the CPMU were analyzed theoretically. Two methods of analyzing the practical static heat loads of the CPMU were proposed, compared and tested by using the CPMU test device without magnet arrays. ResultsThe method of analyzing the test heat loads that utilizes the measured temperatures of the girders and liquid nitrogen (LN2) tubes is better than the one that calculates the heat loads with the LN2 flow rate and temperature rise in the tube. ConclusionThe results were applied to the development of a full scale NdFeB based CPMU prototype.  
        关键词：CPMU;Heat load;Cooling   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Dan LIANG,Yu CHEN,Kai ZHANG,Wanxia HUANG,Qianshun DIAO,Zhen HONG,Qingxi YUAN,Peiping ZHU
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080101(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080101
        摘要：BackgroundAs an important phase contrast imaging method, diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) utilizes crystal's angular selectivity to detect the X-ray's angular change caused by the sample, resulting in sample's phase image. Crystal rocking curve is the main feature of DEI setup, and its width decreases when the crystal index of diffraction plane used in the setup increases, resulting in the increased imaging sensitivity. PurposeAt the 4W1A X-ray imaging beam line of Beijing synchrotron radiation facility (BSRF), DEI experiments are generally carried out with Si(111) crystal. This study aims to construct a high-index crystal DEI setup to improve imaging sensitivity. MethodsBased on theoretical analysis, special mechanical design and crystal processing, a new high sensitive DEI setup was developed using Si(400) and Si(333) crystals. The performance of the setup was tested and experiments using standard sample and real biological sample were carried out to verify the usability of the setup. ResultsPerformance testing results and experimental results show that higher imaging sensitivity can be obtained using the new DEI setup. ConclusionThe high sensitivity DEI setup at BSRF using Si(400) and Si(333) crystals was successfully developed, and this setup can give higher imaging sensitivity to 2D and 3D imaging experiment.  
        关键词：DEI;High sensitivity;3D imaging   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Jianqiao CHEN,Qisheng WANG,Bing LI,Huan ZHOU,Ying CUI,Bo SUN,Zhijun WANG,Jianhua HE
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080102(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080102
        摘要：BackgroundAs a novel approach to solve the protein structure, serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) has been developed rapidly owing to the advantages of the room-temperature data collection, lower radiation damage and time-resolved study. The first X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) based SFX experiment has offered a new method to structure determination of protein microcrystals successfully. PurposeThe aim is to introduce SFX into the widely-available third-generation synchrotron radiation (SR). MethodsThe electrospinning sample delivery system is a potential method to be applied on SR. The theoretical and experimental researches on electrospinning were studied using BL17U1 beamline in Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility (SSRF). ResultsA microjet containing microcrystals was produced from the liquid meniscus and controlled by an electrostatic field. The air ionization problem disturbing electrospinning in SR experiment was solved by providing vacuum condition and coaxial electrospinning technique. Using lysozyme microcrystals as a model sample, the feasibility of electrospinning was demonstrated. ConclusionIt is shown that the serial crystallography on millisecond time scale is suitable for SR, which provides a reference for the future beamline upgrading.  
        关键词：Serial crystallography;Synchrotron radiation;Electrospinning;Room-temperature data collection;Protein microcrystal   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19

        NUCLEAR ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION

      • Sheng ZHANG,Jinlong ZHAO,Liqun HU,Yebin CHEN,Xiuli SHENG
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080401(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080401
        摘要：BackgroundThe primary diagnostic role of radial X-ray camera (RXC) includes measuring low (m, n) magnetohydrodynamic modes, sawteeth and disruption precursors, H-mode, edge-localized modes, and L-H transition. PurposeAccording to the soft X-ray weak signal detection requirements of international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) tokamak, considering the harsh electro-magnetic environment and long distance transmission of signal, some appropriate electromagnetic protection measurements must be took in the design of soft X-ray diagnosis system in order to suppress circuit noise. MethodsIn this thesis, a differential circuit structure has been designed to accomplish current-to-voltage conversion, and studying the electro-magnetic compatibility is the point. ResultsAssociated with experimental test and complied with three factors of electro-magnetic interference, the paper has discussed the application of shielding, grounding, filtering, and printed circuit board (PCB) layout methods in circuit, and completed the circuit requirements of system miniaturization, high parameters with quantity of 32 channels per PCB board, gain of 107 V·A-1, width of 120 kHz, and noise of 8 mV. ConclusionThe effective detection of weak current signal and steady performance are proved by test results. The effect of electromagnetic protective measurements adopted is reasonable and obvious.  
        关键词：Soft X-ray detection;Electromagnetic compatibility;Low-pass filter;PCB anti-interference   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19

        NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE

      • Liying ZHEN,Jiajun ZHANG
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080301(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080301
        摘要：BackgroundAs an important content of radiation environmental monitoring in nuclear power plant, the atmospheric aerosol radioactive level has attracted much attention. PurposeThis study aims to find out variation regularity and affecting factors of total α and total β in atmospheric aerosol 5 km around the Yangjiang nuclear power plant. MethodsRadioactivity concentrations of total α and total β in the atmosphere aerosol of Daao village and Yunbo village monitoring stations were collected by a large flowrate data sampling instrument using particle trapping cellulose filter paper with more than 95% high efficiency, and measured using low background α/β measuring device in the date range from January 2014 to December 2016. ResultsThe concentration ranges of total α and total β were 0.01-0.35 mBq·m-3 and 0.05-2.46 mBq·m-3 respectively. The annual average concentrations were 0.07 mBq·m-3 and 0.65 mBq·m-3. The radioactivity concentrations of total α and total β reflected obvious seasonal variation-all of the maximum monitoring data occurred in the winter due to the influence of the rainfall. ConclusionResults indicate that there is no significant change of total α and total β in the atmosphere aerosol samples and the operation of the Yangjiang nuclear power plant is safe.  
        关键词：Atmospheric aerosol;Total α;Total β;Yangjiang nuclear power plant   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19

        NUCLEAR ENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

      • Deyang CUI,Shaopeng XIA,Chenggang YU,Xiangzhou CAI,Jingen CHEN
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080602(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080602
        摘要：BackgroundThe standardized computer analysis for licensing evaluation (SCALE) developed in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) of USA has been widely used in criticality safety, neutron physics, radiation shielding, and sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. However, the burnup calculation for single-fluid, two-zone molten salt reactor (MSR) has not been well dealt with in SCALE/TRITON due to the cell information card (Celldata) which is used in unit cell calculations to generate problem-dependent multigroup cross sections. PurposeThis study aims to develop and evaluate possible solutions to the problem above. MethodsBased on external program, three methods (i.e., homogeneous mixing method, equivalent volume method and average cross section method), are developed without any modification of the existing codes in SCALE6 and they are tested in a MSR with two-zone core. Test results are compared and analyzed. ResultsComparison of the three methods indicates that the results obtained by average cross section method are almost equal to those obtained by homogeneous mixing method and moreover they accord well with the results given in ORNL's work, whilst the equivalent volume method is not sufficient to describe the difference of unit cells in the core. ConclusionThe average cross section method with a relatively high computational efficiency and accuracy is recommended for burnup calculation in the MSR with two or more zones when using SCALE/TRITON.  
        关键词：MSR;Burnup;Average cross section;Enriched uranium   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Shiying WEI,Wei WANG,Chenglong WANG,Wenxi TIAN,Suizheng QIU,Guanghui SU
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080601(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080601
        摘要：BackgroundThe utilization of thorium in reactors is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of nuclear fuel and Canadian deuterium uranium (CANDU) reactor is one of the best choice to be introduced in thorium fuel cycles. The abundant thorium deposit and rich experience in operating Qinshan phase Ⅲ laid a foundation for researches on thorium-based advanced CANDU reactor (TACR) in China. PurposeTo support the international cooperative study on TACR between Canada and China and lay a foundation for self-development of the software for CANDU thermal hydraulic analysis in our country, it is necessary to develop analysis code in order to evaluate thermal hydraulic performance of CANDU reactor heat transport system. MethodsIn this study, a CANDU thermal hydraulic transient analysis code (CANTHAC) was developed using FORTRAN language and used to analysis the transient performance of TACR heat transport system. The full power steady state, steam generator (SG) feed water temperature reduction accident and complete loss of flow accident were simulated. ResultsThe steady state results by CANTHAC were in good agreement with the rated value designed by Tsinghua University and the maximum calculation error was less than 2%, which is acceptable. The calculation results of SG feed water temperature reduction accident and complete loss of flow accident shown that key parameters including the fuel temperature and system pressure do not exceed specified limits and satisfy the safety criteria. ConclusionThe steady state results agree well with the rated value and the transient results are reasonable, which preliminarily evaluate the validity of the transient analysis code. Since the code was modularized, it would be convenient for further modification and application.  
        关键词：TACR;Heat transport system;Thermal-hydraulic;Transient analysis   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Shixian LI,Jingquan LIU,Yonggang SHEN
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080604(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080604
        摘要：BackgroundLoss of coolant accident (LOCA) is one of the typical accidents in safety analysis of nuclear power plant and the location and the size of break will affect its treatment and consequences directly. PurposeThis study aims to diagnose the location and the size of break by using artificial neural network (ANN) based pattern recognition approach. MethodsCATHARE program was used to model and simulate different location and size of break in LOCA for the CPR1000 nuclear power system. Six types of thermal-hydraulic parameters were extracted to train four types of ANN methods (back propagation (BP) neural network, Elman neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network and support vector machine) and the trained ANNs were utilized to diagnose the location and the size of break. ResultsThe optimized support vector machine (SVM) is best method in terms of diagnosis accuracy and stability among 4 ANNs. ConclusionThe operators can obtain more detailed information about break by SVM to deal with the accident efficiently, when a LOCA happens.  
        关键词：Artificial neural network;LOCA;CPR1000   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19
      • Jiahao CHEN,Haiqing ZHANG,Zhiyong ZHU
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080603(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080603
        摘要：BackgroundNeutronic and thermal-hydraulic simulations of advanced reactors can affect each other's results. PurposeThis study focuses on coupling neutronic and thermal-hydraulic simulations to achieve more accurate results for future developments of 10-MW solid-fueled thorium molten salt experimental reactor (TMSR-SF1). MethodsA program converting the MCNP (Monte Carlo N particle transport code) results to the spatial distribution of power density within the active region was created using C++ programming language. The spatial distribution data were loaded into the ANSYS Fluent in the form of user-defined function (UDF) to accomplish the coupling of the two simulation processes. In regards of TMSR-SF's original design parameters, the physical and thermal-hydraulic models of the whole core were established by using MCNP and ANSYS Fluent respectively. ResultsThe coupling method is feasible and can be used to obtain reliable results. The changes in coolant's temperature and velocity in the active region are dependent on the power density distribution. The changes in multiplication factor, power density and maximum of discrepancy in coolant temperature are 1.08%, 3.31% and 7.58 K, respectively. ConclusionIt is necessary to take the coupling effects of the reactor core into consideration in the design of associated reactor systems. In addition, the results confirm that the design parameters of the TMSR-SF1 are reasonable.  
        关键词：Fuel pebble;Thorium molten salt reactor;Neutronics and thermal-hydraulics coupling;Steady-state analysis   
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        发布时间：2021-05-19

        LOW ENERGY ACCELERATOR, RAY AND APPLICATIONS

      • Chuandong XIA,Mantian LIU,Jingjun ZHU,Zhu AN
        Vol. 40, Issue 8, Article number: 080201(2017) DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.080201
        摘要：BackgroundAn ion beam analysis system combining proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) has been established based on the 2.5-MeV Van de Graaff accelerator facility in Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University. PurposeCalibration of this PIXE-RBS system must be done before further quantitative analysis. The aim is to calibrate this PIXE-RBS system for future quantitative analysis. Methods10 single-element thick pure metal samples were measured by PIXE-RBS under experimental condition to determine the so-called instrumental constant H. The least square fit method was utilized to determine the effective thickness of Mylar and Al absorbers and aperture diameter of the funny filter in front of the X-ray detector. ResultsThe measured H values calculated from experimental spectra for K-shell X-rays of ten single-element thick pure metal samples were a function of X-ray energy, and the H values recalculated using aforementioned three effective values became a constant. A clay standard sample was measured at the same experimental condition to test the accuracy of the calibration, and the measured elemental content values and certified values are in good agreement. ConclusionThe accuracy of the calibration was satisfactory and the calibration results will be used for future PIXE-RBS analysis.  
        关键词：PIXE;RBS;H value   
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